ABSTRACT
Nowadays, a great number of traditional Chinese patent medicine (TCPM) are used more and more widely to treat cerebral infarction in China. When great attention is paid to using TCPM in the real world, several problems can be identified: ignoring the Chinese medicine (CM) therapeutic principle based on syndrome differentiation, a lack of appropriate dosage and usage based on individual patient conditions, and a shortage of evidence from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Furthermore, in terms of evaluation of the TCPM effectiveness, few comprehensive criteria and evaluation methods recognized by the international community exist. This article addresses some opinions regarding the above mentioned problems.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Cerebral Infarction , Drug Therapy , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Patents as TopicABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>Patients with clinical stage I seminoma accounts for 70%-80% of patients with this disease. This study was to analyze the relationship between different therapeutic methods and the prognosis of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of all patients with clinical Stage I seminoma treated by multi-disciplinary approach from 1999 to 2008 in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the treatment they received after orchiectomy: 30 patients treated with chemotherapy, 8 with radiotherapy, and 20 under surveillance. The prognosis of different treatment groups was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 58 patients with stage I seminoma, 57 were followed up successfully. The median follow-up time was 50 months (range, 8-115 months). No relapse or metastasis was seen in the chemotherapy group. One patient relapsed in the radiotherapy group. Four patients had metastasis of retroperitoneal lymph node in the surveillance group. The disease-free survival was higher in the chemotherapy group than that in the surveillance group (P=0.005). There was no significant difference in the relapse-free survival between the surveillance group and the radiotherapy group (P=0.364).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chemotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with Stage-1 seminoma after radical orchidectomy.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Therapeutic Uses , Bleomycin , Therapeutic Uses , Cisplatin , Therapeutic Uses , Combined Modality Therapy , Disease-Free Survival , Etoposide , Therapeutic Uses , Follow-Up Studies , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging , Orchiectomy , Methods , Retrospective Studies , Seminoma , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Radiotherapy , General Surgery , Testicular Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Radiotherapy , General Surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the molecular characteristics of hantaviruses isolated from Shandong province by using PCR typing and nucleotide sequencing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total cellular RNA was extracted from hantaviruses infected Vero E6 cells, viral cDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. PCR products of partial M Segments of 4 strains of hantaviruses were sequenced. Cross neutralization tests were performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four strains of hantavirus isolated from Rottus in Shandong province were SEO like viruses. The homology between Shandong isolates and other SEO like viruses was high at both amino acid and nucleotide levels. The homology among those 4 strains of hantaviruses was 98%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The SEO like hantaviruses were more conserved than other hantaviruses. The homology of SEO like hantaviruses isolated from Shandong province was as high as 98% at nucleotides level, though they were isolated at more than 10-year intervals.</p>